Los ntawm cov tib neeg ape rau tib neeg puag thaum ub, mus rau tib neeg txawj ntse, thiab tom qab ntawd rau tib neeg niaj hnub, peb tau muaj kev hloov dhau los ntev los ua qhov peb tam sim no. Evolution suab zoo li txheej thaum ub, zoo li nws tsuas yog tshwm sim rau tib neeg cov yawg koob ntau lab xyoo dhau los. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov caj ces tau pom tias tib neeg tseem tab tom muaj kev hloov pauv yooj yim vim yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob. Kev hloov pauv yooj yim yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob, uas yog, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov gene hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm DNA rov ua dua tshiab.
Cov niam txiv yuav faib cov noob keeb kwm coj qee yam rau lawv cov xeeb ntxwv. Cov kev sib kis ntawm cov gene tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev xaiv tej yam ntuj tso. Cov nqa khoom ntawm cov noob yeej tseem muaj sia nyob, hloov mus rau thaj chaw ib puag ncig thiab tsim dua tshiab tau zoo dua. Los ntawm tib neeg taug kev sawv ntawm ob txhais taw mus rau eagles ya nrog qhib tis, kev yoog raws ntawm txhua hom yuav taug qab rov los rau ntawm qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm cov noob rau ntau tiam neeg.
Neanderthals nyob thaj tsam li ntawm 2.6 plhom rau 11700 xyoo dhau los. Hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntev, ntau tus neeg txheeb ze, suav nrog Neanderthals tau ploj ntais tawm, tsuas yog peb nyob hauv tsev thiab rov yug me nyuam hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Qhov no ua rau tib neeg xav, puas yog vim peb muaj hmoo lossis peb txawv ntawm peb cov neeg txheeb ze uas xwm xaiv peb?
Txhawm rau ua qhov no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas cov zom zaub mov ntawm tib neeg, chimpanzees thiab macaques hauv cov leeg, ob lub raum thiab peb thaj chaw hauv lub hlwb sib txawv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias yog vim li cas kev muaj sia nyob ntawm tib neeg niaj hnub yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov genome thiab qhov poob qis ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm adenylate lyase, uas ua rau txo qis ntawm purine synthesis. Tab sis kev hloov pauv tsis tau tshwm sim hauv Neanderthals, yog li cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg, yog li txhawb txoj kev hloov ntawm tib neeg niaj hnub mus rau hauv hom ywj siab.
Adenylate lyase yog ib qho enzyme koom nrog purine synthesis hauv DNA. Qhov kev hloov pauv no yuav ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov amino acids nyob rau hauv adenylate lyase, uas zoo heev txo cov kev ua ub no thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm adenylate lyase, thiab ua rau txo qis purine concentration hauv tib neeg lub hlwb.
Tseem ceeb dua, kev hloov pauv no tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv tib neeg, tsis yog hauv lwm cov tsiaj lossis Neanderthals. Los ntawm kev qhia txog kev hloov mus rau hauv cov nas genome, cov nas hloov tau tsim muaj cov purine tsawg dua, thiab kev qhia txog cov noob txwv keeb kwm rau hauv tib neeg lub cev ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov metabolic pom tseeb, uas tau pom tseeb tias kev hloov pauv tau yog qhov laj thawj rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm tib neeg cov metabolism.
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj Neanderthal tiag tiag los ua qhov kev tshawb nrhiav, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas qhov kev xav ntawm cov nas thiab cov qauv ntawm tes, thiab ua tau zoo kwv yees ntawm cov yam ntxwv metabolic ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no. Tam sim no, qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv Journal of eLife. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb cia siab tias qhov kev tshawb nrhiav no tuaj yeem nqa kev tshawb pom ntxiv rau tib neeg.
