Tam sim no, nws yog caij so lub caij ntuj sov, thiab ntau lub chaw kho mob ophthalmic hauv tsev kho mob tau ntsib kev mob siab rau kev kho mob myopia. Ua ntej, ua raws li tus neeg sau xov xwm mus ntsib cov tsev kho mob loj kom pom.
Ntawm Lub Tsev Kho Mob Qhov Muag thiab ENT ntawm Fudan University koom nrog Fudan University hauv Shanghai, tus neeg sau xov xwm tau kawm tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev phais mob myopia nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov no tau nce ze li 30 feem pua piv rau xyoo 2021, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm ze li ntawm 120 kev phais ib hnub, thiab 70 feem pua. txog 80 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob yog cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab thiab qee cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv qib siab uas tau ua tiav qhov kev xeem nkag hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Ib tug 22-xyoo-laus tub kawm ntawv qib siab hu ua Xiao Zhou muaj myopia tshaj 400 degrees thiab astigmatism tshaj 200 degrees ntawm ob lub qhov muag. Nws xav tau kev phais mob myopia thaum lub caij ntuj sov kom lub neej yooj yim dua.
Citizen Xiaozhou: Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab txoj kev phais, raws li nws suav nrog tag nrho femtosecond thiab ib nrab femtosecond (kev phais), thiab tom qab ntawd kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev phais (uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev).
Ntawm lub tsev kho mob qhov muag ntawm Peking Union Medical College Tsev Kho Mob, tus neeg sau xov xwm tau pom tias cov neeg mob uas tau teem sijhawm rau kev phais ua ntej cuaj teev muaj cov kab ntev, feem ntau kuj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Citizen: Kuv feem ntau muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm kuv ob lub qhov muag, thiab kuv lub qhov muag sab laug yog qhov qub, tab sis kuv qhov muag sab xis muaj myopia loj heev. Ua ib qho kev kuaj mob ua ntej thiab nug tus kws kho mob kom ntsuam xyuas seb qhov kev phais laser tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm qhov muag sab xis. Vim tam sim no kuv xav tias qhov kev phais no kuj paub tab thiab. Tau ntau xyoo, ntau tus phooj ywg nyob ib puag ncig kuv tau muaj kev phais zoo sib xws, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo heev, feem ntau vim tias nws cuam tshuam rau kuv lub neej ib txwm muaj.
Xyoo no, nws tshwm sim tau 30 xyoo txij li Tuam Tshoj tau nthuav tawm laser myopia phais. Yog li, dab tsi yog qhov kev phais mob myopia tseem ceeb tam sim no?
Li Ying, Tus kws kho mob ntawm ophthalmology department ntawm Peking Union Medical College Tsev Kho Mob: Kev phais mob myopia tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg, ib qho yog hu ua phais qhov muag sab nraud, thiab lwm qhov yog hu ua kev phais qhov muag sab hauv. Lub qhov muag sab nrauv yog nyob rau ntawm lub cornea. Peb hais tias cornea yog txheej txheej sab nraud ntawm lub qhov muag, nrog qhov nruab nrab tuab ntawm 520 microns. Peb tuaj yeem ua laser sib tsoo ntawm qhov chaw no, uas yog daim ntawv sib tsoo. Muaj lwm hom kev phais intraocular, uas yog yog tias qhov tuab ntawm kuv lub cornea tsis txaus, kuv tuaj yeem siv lub lens los ua nws, uas yog sib npaug los txo lub lens rau hauv lub qhov muag. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias koj lub lens tseem tsis hloov pauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev kho mob myopia siab.
Yog li, puas yog myopia phais tiag tiag rau txhua tus neeg? Cov xwm txheej twg raug ua kom raug phais? Koj xaiv qhov kev phais uas haum koj li cas? Los thiab mloog cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag.
Feem ntau hais lus, lub hnub nyoog xav tau rau kev phais mob myopia yog tsawg kawg yog 18 xyoo thiab tsis pub tshaj 50 xyoo. Tab sis nrog kev thov kom muaj lub neej zoo nyob rau xyoo tas los no, ntau tus neeg laus kuj tau xaiv los mus phais myopia.
Tau kawg, kev phais mob myopia tsis haum rau txhua tus. Cov kws tshaj lij tau hais kom ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntxaws thiab ua tiav ua ntej kom tshem tawm qee qhov kev phais mob.
Li Ying, tus kws kho mob ntawm lub tuam tsev kho mob ntawm Peking Union Medical College Tsev Kho Mob: Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov neeg muaj kab mob qhov muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob nquag, yuav tsum tsis txhob ua. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, peb tsis tuaj yeem ua nws vim tias daim tawv muag tsis kaw tag nrho, thiab peb tsis tuaj yeem kaw peb lub qhov muag. Vim li cas? Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom raug thiab muaj Keratitis. Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov txhab mob uas yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej kev phais. Yog li ntawd, qee tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem ua nws ib ntus, thaum lwm tus tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej. Tus kws kho mob no yuav muab kev txiav txim rau koj.
Ntau tus niam txiv ntseeg tias kev phais mob myopia kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lawv cov menyuam thaum lawv loj hlob tuaj, yog li ntawd nws yog qhov ua tau kom muaj myopia ua ntej hnub nyoog 18 xyoo. Puas yog lub tswv yim no tsim nyog?
Li Ying, Tus kws kho mob ntawm lub tuam tsev kho mob ntawm Peking Union Medical College Tsev Kho Mob: Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob xav li ntawd. Myopia tsis yog ib qho teeb meem nkaus xwb, qhov tseem ceeb yog kev loj hlob ntawm koj lub qhov muag axis, uas feem ntau loj hlob nrog kev vam meej ntawm myopia, uas yuav ua rau Retinal detachment. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siab myopia tuaj yeem ua rau macular degeneration, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam koj lub zeem muag mus ib txhis. Yog li ntawd, tshem koj cov iav tsis tau txhais hais tias koj tus mob yuav ploj mus. Yog li ntawd, txhua leej txhua tus yuav tsum hu rau kev tiv thaiv ntxov thiab sim kom tsis txhob muaj nyiaj txiag degeneration.
Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias txawm tias qhov kev phais twg ua tiav, nws tsis yog kev kho ib zaug. Kev phais tsis yog ib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm myopia, tab sis yog ib txoj hauv kev los kho qhov muag tam sim no. Thaum lub caij so lub caij ntuj sov, ntau tus tub ntxhais hluas muaj kev siv qhov muag ntau dhau thiab tsis pom kev. Yog li, yuav ua li cas cov hluas thiab cov menyuam yaus ua ntej hnub nyoog 18 xyoo tiv thaiv lawv qhov muag?
Li Ying, Tus kws kho mob ntawm lub tuam tsev kho mob ntawm Peking Union Medical College Tsev Kho Mob: Kev ua haujlwm tsis yog ib zaug thiab rau txhua yam. Nws tsis yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm myopia. Txog tam sim no, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho myopia. Nws tsuas yog ib txoj hauv kev los kho koj lub zeem muag tam sim no. Txhua tus yuav tsum paub meej txog qhov no.
Tsis ntev los no, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Hauv Lub Tebchaws tau tshaj tawm "Kaum lub hauv paus kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj myopia hauv menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas". Nws tau hais meej meej tias lub qhov muag zoo yuav tsum tau tsim thiab "{0}}" lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau ua raws li, uas txhais tau hais tias siv lub qhov muag nyob ze rau 20 feeb thiab ntsia ntawm qhov deb ntawm 20 feet (kwv yees li 6 meters) rau ntau tshaj 20 vib nas this. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsum ua raws li kev ua ub ua no sab nraum zoov txhua hnub tsis pub tsawg tshaj 2 teev, lossis nce txog 14 teev hauv ib lub lis piam. Txawm nyob rau hnub huab cua, kev ua si sab nraum zoov muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm myopia.
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub caij so caij ntuj sov, ntau tus menyuam yaus tso cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov pom kev poob qis. "Kaum lub hauv paus kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj myopia hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas" qhia txog lub hnub nyoog raws li kev tswj hwm lub sijhawm tshuaj ntsuam video: cov tub ntxhais kawm theem pib thiab theem nrab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv cov ntxaij vab tshaus hluav taws xob rau kev kawm tsis pub dhau 15 feeb ib zaug, thiab Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1 teev. Thaum siv lub vijtsam hluav taws xob rau kev kawm, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub vijtsam yuav tsum yog li 10 centimeters hauv qab kab ntawm lub qhov muag pom, 4-6 npaug ntawm kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm lub vijtsam hluav taws xob. Tom qab saib rau 30-40 feeb, koj yuav tsum so thiab so li 10 feeb thaum saib mus rau qhov deb.
